Keys of Truth: James (Chapter 1)

Chapter summary:
James writes to Jewish Christians everywhere (1:1). He encourages them to greet trials with joy, aware of their potential benefits (vv. 2-4). Anyone who feels a need for guidance in such situations may ask God. But when a person asks, he or she must be willing to do what God directs, rather than waver between obedience and going one's own way (vv. 5-8). As far as financial trials are concerned, rich and poor must each find life's meaning in something other than material circumstances (vv. 9-11).

It is particularly important if we are to persevere to know the difference between "trials" and "temptations." Temptation comes from within and is a response of man's sin nature to circumstances. God has nothing to do with temptation. All that God brings into our lives is a good gift—and that includes trials (vv. 12-18). Whatever happens we must be committed to a righteous life (vv. 19-21) and practicing God's Word (vv. 22-27).

The believer’s personal application: Don't blame God or the devil for feeling tempted—or for giving in to temptation.

TEXTUAL INSIGHT

“Trials and temptations” (1:2):
The Greek word “periasmos” is translated as both "trial" and "temptation." Its meaning is rooted in the Old Testament, where a variety of Hebrew words speak of "tests" that God allows into the lives of believers. There the Hebrew words (nasah, sarap, and bahan) indicate a difficult situation as a test devised by God, but intended to demonstrate the quality of an individual's faith or to purify his or her character. So test are shaped by God to enhance our lives. “Periazo” and “periasmos”, whether rendered as "trial" or as "temptation" also indicate a test, devised by God, with the intent to benefit the believer. It is in view of this reality that James urges his fellow believers to welcome trials with joy, knowing that while they test one's faith, if we persevere they will contribute greatly to the development of spiritual maturity.

"Wisdom" (1:5):
In the Old Testament and New Testament "wisdom" is a practical, "what do I do next" kind of thing. It's common when we're under pressure to feel deep frustration and be uncertain of what to do. When we are in that situation, James says, "Ask God."

"Doubt" (1:6):
The Greek word here is “diakrino”, which when used in the sense of "doubt" is uncertainty about something set forward as an object of faith. In (James Chapter 1) we ask God what to do. He shows us. But then we hold back, uncertain whether or not we want to obey. James says that if you are going to hold back, don't bother asking. When God shows you His way, He expects you to take it.

“Perspective” (1:9-11):
Don't evaluate by the world's standards. Focus on your high position in Christ. Remember you are nothing but a human being, destined to die, whose only hope is in the Lord. Keep these things in mind and your financial situations will be irrelevant.

“Analysis of temptations” (1:13-18):
The pull toward evil we feel when tested—a pull toward anger, striking out, or surrender to passion—does not "come from" God. That is, temptation is not located in the test but in our response to the test. If we realize God intends the test as a "good and perfect gift," our perspective changes. Rather than viewing tests as temptation and giving in, we can welcome tests as blessings intended to help us grow. James reminds us that God has given us a new birth (v. 18). That new life is the source of an inner power that will enable us to triumph not only over the circumstances but our sinful tendencies as well.

“Doers of the Word” (1:22-25):
Just listening to the Word of God won't help us with the tests God allows, however, a commitment to “doing the Word” will lead to blessing in all we do.